Abstracts of the ICMART 98 International Congress on Medical Acupuncture and Related Techniques
Miyazaki, Japan, 23-25 October 1998
Signalling in the Pain Matrix
W. Ziegelgaensgerger, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich , Germany
W. Ziegelgaensgerger, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich , Germany
The earliest short-term responses following nociceptor activation are reflected in rapid changes of neuronal discharge activity in a variety of pharmacologically and anatomically distinct systems in the central nervous system. In these systems long-term changes most commonly require alterations in gene expression. The activity-dependent modulation of gene expression is a characteristic feature of highly integrated systems such as the pain matrix. Each of the levels of integration of nociceptive information probably receives and is the origin of modulatory mechanisms conveyed by afferent segmental or descending pathways. Besides “classical” neurotransmitters, biologically active molecules such as peptide hormones, neurosteroids, adenosine, trophic factors or cytokines released synaptically or non-synaptically from terminals, neighbouring neurons, glia cells or components of the immune system or from the circulation participate in the integration of somatosensory information.
A major facilitatory effect of the central nervous system responding to noxious stimuli involves the interaction between L-glutamate and substance P, a neuropeptide long thought to have a role in pain perception. Immediate-early-genes (IEGs) are thought to participate as third messengers in the late phase of the stimulus-transcription cascade. They code for transcription factors and alter gene expression and translation into the corresponding protein products such as enzymes, receptors or neurotransmitters.
The amount of several IEG-coded proteins, produced by central neurons, is proportional to the degree of synaptic excitation following somatic and visceral acute noxious stimulation and is reduced by morphine application before the stimulation. Protein phosphorylation of ligandgated channels appears as a major mechanism in the regulation of neuronal plasticity. The activation of protein kinases increases the responsiveness of dorsal horn neurons to L-glutamate and enhances NMDA-activated synaptic currents. NK1 receptor activation probably triggers the phosphorylation of NMDA receptors through phospholipase C stimulation. During inflammatory hyperalgesia NKl receptors and proteinkinases are up regulated and more tachykinins are released. In monoarthritic rats, glutamic acid-decarboxylase-mRNA increases in the spinal cord ipsilaterally to the inflammatory lesion. This enhancement is probably a direct consequence of a transsynaptic activation of the GABAergic neurons in the spinal cord. At analgesic doses systemically applied opioids activate spinal and supraspinal mechanisms via μ, k and the recently characterized orphan opioid receptors and prevent activity-dependent gene expression. Some of the discrete systems in the pain matrix appear sensitive to agents that were otherwise not predicted by traditional preclinical pain models as well as human pain states.
A major facilitatory effect of the central nervous system responding to noxious stimuli involves the interaction between L-glutamate and substance P, a neuropeptide long thought to have a role in pain perception. Immediate-early-genes (IEGs) are thought to participate as third messengers in the late phase of the stimulus-transcription cascade. They code for transcription factors and alter gene expression and translation into the corresponding protein products such as enzymes, receptors or neurotransmitters.
The amount of several IEG-coded proteins, produced by central neurons, is proportional to the degree of synaptic excitation following somatic and visceral acute noxious stimulation and is reduced by morphine application before the stimulation. Protein phosphorylation of ligandgated channels appears as a major mechanism in the regulation of neuronal plasticity. The activation of protein kinases increases the responsiveness of dorsal horn neurons to L-glutamate and enhances NMDA-activated synaptic currents. NK1 receptor activation probably triggers the phosphorylation of NMDA receptors through phospholipase C stimulation. During inflammatory hyperalgesia NKl receptors and proteinkinases are up regulated and more tachykinins are released. In monoarthritic rats, glutamic acid-decarboxylase-mRNA increases in the spinal cord ipsilaterally to the inflammatory lesion. This enhancement is probably a direct consequence of a transsynaptic activation of the GABAergic neurons in the spinal cord. At analgesic doses systemically applied opioids activate spinal and supraspinal mechanisms via μ, k and the recently characterized orphan opioid receptors and prevent activity-dependent gene expression. Some of the discrete systems in the pain matrix appear sensitive to agents that were otherwise not predicted by traditional preclinical pain models as well as human pain states.
Oral Acupuncture
J. Gleditsch
Honorary President DAeGfA, Germany
J. Gleditsch
Honorary President DAeGfA, Germany
Oral acupuncture is a form of microsystem acupuncture, based on a reflexology of acupoints situated within the mouth. The microsystems, or somatotopies, comprise holographic punctual representations of the whole organism and its functions. They are situated on defined parts of the body, e.g. the auricle, the skull, the feet, and others. The oral microsystem is characterized by an obvious allusion to the meridian couples of Traditional Acupuncture, i.e. the five functional circuits of the organism.
The effects of both traditional and of microsystem acupuncture have been verified by their neurophysiological, anatomic, and biocybernetic implications. In oral acupuncture, two kinds of acupoints are to be differentiated:
1 ) the vestibular points, situated in the mucous membrane of the oral vestibule, opposite the teeth, sharing the well-defined correlations of the respective teeth with particular organs and functions. In this way, there is a wide range of therapeutic indications, such as digestive, respiratory, urogenital and other troubles. The five groups of oral acupoints (incisor, canine, molar, premolar, and wisdom teeth) obviously correspond with the five functional organ groupings known as "five elements";
2) the retromolar points, clustered in the retromolar areas beyond the wisdom teeth. They seem to be superior, as their therapy may extinguish an irritation of corresponding vestibular points. The therapy indications of retromolar points includes also various kinds of pain conditions, headaches, vertigo, etc.. Also malfunctions and pains of joints and of the spine respond very well. Oral acupuncture points both of the vestibular and retromolar mucous membrane can be located easily, as in most cases they are painful on pressure. After a short digital pre-orientation, the therapy points in question are detected by a soft dabbing, and subsequent insertion, of the needle itself (very point technique). Oral acupuncture is performed best by means of injections, as it is impracticable to have acupuncture needles sticking in the mouth. For injections, preferably a dilution of local anesthetics (but without vasoconstricting agent, and very low percentage), or of natural saline solution, is used.
Oral acupuncture can well be combined, or alternated, with traditional acupuncture and with other microsystems. So far, no adverse side-effects have been noted.
The effects of both traditional and of microsystem acupuncture have been verified by their neurophysiological, anatomic, and biocybernetic implications. In oral acupuncture, two kinds of acupoints are to be differentiated:
1 ) the vestibular points, situated in the mucous membrane of the oral vestibule, opposite the teeth, sharing the well-defined correlations of the respective teeth with particular organs and functions. In this way, there is a wide range of therapeutic indications, such as digestive, respiratory, urogenital and other troubles. The five groups of oral acupoints (incisor, canine, molar, premolar, and wisdom teeth) obviously correspond with the five functional organ groupings known as "five elements";
2) the retromolar points, clustered in the retromolar areas beyond the wisdom teeth. They seem to be superior, as their therapy may extinguish an irritation of corresponding vestibular points. The therapy indications of retromolar points includes also various kinds of pain conditions, headaches, vertigo, etc.. Also malfunctions and pains of joints and of the spine respond very well. Oral acupuncture points both of the vestibular and retromolar mucous membrane can be located easily, as in most cases they are painful on pressure. After a short digital pre-orientation, the therapy points in question are detected by a soft dabbing, and subsequent insertion, of the needle itself (very point technique). Oral acupuncture is performed best by means of injections, as it is impracticable to have acupuncture needles sticking in the mouth. For injections, preferably a dilution of local anesthetics (but without vasoconstricting agent, and very low percentage), or of natural saline solution, is used.
Oral acupuncture can well be combined, or alternated, with traditional acupuncture and with other microsystems. So far, no adverse side-effects have been noted.
What is the Best Parameters of Electroacupuncture (EA) Stimulation for the Treatment of Pain and Drug Addiction
Han, Ji-Sheng
Neuroscience Research Institute, Beijing Medical University Beijing, China
Han, Ji-Sheng
Neuroscience Research Institute, Beijing Medical University Beijing, China
The ancient acupuncture technique of manual needling has largely been modified by electrical stimulation administered via needles inserted into the tissue (electroacupuncture, EA), or even via electrodes applied on the skin over the acupoints. In this case, the parameters of the electrical stimulation become one of the most important characters determining the effectiveness of the treatment. The electrical parameters of EA consist at least of frequency and intensity. The intensity of electrical stimulation can only be varied in a relatively narrow range, i.e., higher than the excitation threshold and lower than the nociceptive level. Since we do not intend to induce frank pain, the C fiber is not the target of EA stimulation. Therefore a pulse width of less than 1 ms is preferable. T A13 fibers and part of the A f ibers are identified by most researchers to be responsible for De-Chi (needle sensation). For this reason, a pulse width of 0.3 to 0.6 ms is commonly used. Under this condition, a current intensity of 2-10 mA is preferable for EA, and 8-15 mA for stamp-sized skin electrodes. For normal subject or in acute pain patients, a higher intensity usually produces a stronger analgesic effect. However, in chronic pain status, a moderate rather than strong stimulation produces better analgesic effect.
Compared to the intensity, the frequency of stimulation seems to be of wider variability and more importance. According to our study, the endogenous opioid peptides (enkephalins, endorphins and dynorphins) in the CNS can be readily released by peripheral stimulation of identified frequencies. Low frequency (i.e., 2 Hz) is apt to accelerate the release of enkephalins and 13-endorphin in the brain, whereas the high frequency stimulation 9100 Hz in human and rat, and 30 Hz in rabbit) are more effective in accelerating the release of dynorphin in the spinal cord. Based on the results of a series of careful study we have come to the conclusion that the best parameter for pain control is a dense-and-disperse (DD) mode of stimulation where 2 Hz is alternating with 100 Hz, each lasting for 3 seconds. Under this special parameter, all 3 kinds of opioid peptides are released simultaneously, thus producing a synergistic analgesic effect. This has been shown not only in rats but also in humans. A constant current output device entitled Han’s Acupoint Nerve Stimulator (HANS) has been developed. While DD mode stimulation produces best results in pain control and treatment of heroin addiction, patients with muscle spasm caused by spinal injury were best treated with 100 Hz stimulation that selectively releases dynorphin, resulting in a suppression of anterior horn neuron and amelioration of muscle spasm. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and a grant from NIDA, USA.
Compared to the intensity, the frequency of stimulation seems to be of wider variability and more importance. According to our study, the endogenous opioid peptides (enkephalins, endorphins and dynorphins) in the CNS can be readily released by peripheral stimulation of identified frequencies. Low frequency (i.e., 2 Hz) is apt to accelerate the release of enkephalins and 13-endorphin in the brain, whereas the high frequency stimulation 9100 Hz in human and rat, and 30 Hz in rabbit) are more effective in accelerating the release of dynorphin in the spinal cord. Based on the results of a series of careful study we have come to the conclusion that the best parameter for pain control is a dense-and-disperse (DD) mode of stimulation where 2 Hz is alternating with 100 Hz, each lasting for 3 seconds. Under this special parameter, all 3 kinds of opioid peptides are released simultaneously, thus producing a synergistic analgesic effect. This has been shown not only in rats but also in humans. A constant current output device entitled Han’s Acupoint Nerve Stimulator (HANS) has been developed. While DD mode stimulation produces best results in pain control and treatment of heroin addiction, patients with muscle spasm caused by spinal injury were best treated with 100 Hz stimulation that selectively releases dynorphin, resulting in a suppression of anterior horn neuron and amelioration of muscle spasm. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and a grant from NIDA, USA.
Challenge to the Pain
Kazuo Hanaoka, M.D., Ph.D
Chairman and Professor, Department of Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Japan
Kazuo Hanaoka, M.D., Ph.D
Chairman and Professor, Department of Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , Japan
Pain must be one of the most unpleasant sensation to the human beings since the ancient period. However, pain is different from the other sensation such as a visual and auditory sensation. Because we cannot feel and hear the same pain at the same time and in the same grade. That is the reason why the study of
pain is so much difficult and is not scientific for a long time. I would like to talk the mechanism of pain and the treatment of pain as a special lecture.
1) Nerve impulse is produced by adequate nociceptive stimulation on the nociceptor. That impulse conducts through peripheral nerve to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Especially A d fiber and C fiber of neural fiber are correlated with the impulse of pain sensation from the nociceptor. After the impulse enters into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord , neurotransmitter releases from a primary neuron to secondary neuron. The axon of the secondary crosses the spinal cord, reaches to the opposite site and goes up to the thalamus via spinothalamic pathway. Finally, the nociceptive impulse enters into the sensory area oin the brain cortex. And also the descending pathway of inhibitory system is very important. Because the autoregulatory system of pain inhibition controls the nociceptive impulse at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Besides, the gate control system is considered to regulate the nociceptive impulse at the same dorsal horn of the spinal cord. I would like to introduce our laboratory where the spinal cord analgesic mechanisms are investigated including morphine analgesia mechanisms. Epidural morphin , at the present, is very useful and popular analgesic method during intraoperative and postoperative period.
2) The treatment of pain. The postoperative pain is considered as typical acute pain. There are many methods of treatment of postoperative pain. For the postoperative pain relief, we have several methods. Epidural analgesia is one of the very popular and useful methods. Recently, the concept of pre-emptive analgesia and patient controlled analgesia is considered to be very important. Especially, pain sensation makes a kind of memory substances which makes a long duration of pain. Therefore, the concept of pre-emptive analgesia is very important.
Because preemptive analgesia prevents the production of memory substances in the spinal cord and supraspinal level. Very popular method for the preemptive analgesia is epidural analgesia which gets a analgesic effect with local anaesthetics before the start of surgical procedures. Anyway, as a , we pain clinicians, we would like to give the patient pain free during the perioperative period and nerve block procedures. I introduce the lidocaine patch which is very useful and convenientto prevent the pain sensation by the insertion of intravenous catheter, the injection of trigger point, postherpetic neuralgia and so on.
pain is so much difficult and is not scientific for a long time. I would like to talk the mechanism of pain and the treatment of pain as a special lecture.
1) Nerve impulse is produced by adequate nociceptive stimulation on the nociceptor. That impulse conducts through peripheral nerve to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Especially A d fiber and C fiber of neural fiber are correlated with the impulse of pain sensation from the nociceptor. After the impulse enters into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord , neurotransmitter releases from a primary neuron to secondary neuron. The axon of the secondary crosses the spinal cord, reaches to the opposite site and goes up to the thalamus via spinothalamic pathway. Finally, the nociceptive impulse enters into the sensory area oin the brain cortex. And also the descending pathway of inhibitory system is very important. Because the autoregulatory system of pain inhibition controls the nociceptive impulse at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Besides, the gate control system is considered to regulate the nociceptive impulse at the same dorsal horn of the spinal cord. I would like to introduce our laboratory where the spinal cord analgesic mechanisms are investigated including morphine analgesia mechanisms. Epidural morphin , at the present, is very useful and popular analgesic method during intraoperative and postoperative period.
2) The treatment of pain. The postoperative pain is considered as typical acute pain. There are many methods of treatment of postoperative pain. For the postoperative pain relief, we have several methods. Epidural analgesia is one of the very popular and useful methods. Recently, the concept of pre-emptive analgesia and patient controlled analgesia is considered to be very important. Especially, pain sensation makes a kind of memory substances which makes a long duration of pain. Therefore, the concept of pre-emptive analgesia is very important.
Because preemptive analgesia prevents the production of memory substances in the spinal cord and supraspinal level. Very popular method for the preemptive analgesia is epidural analgesia which gets a analgesic effect with local anaesthetics before the start of surgical procedures. Anyway, as a , we pain clinicians, we would like to give the patient pain free during the perioperative period and nerve block procedures. I introduce the lidocaine patch which is very useful and convenientto prevent the pain sensation by the insertion of intravenous catheter, the injection of trigger point, postherpetic neuralgia and so on.
Variations of Pain in Experimental Pain Stimuli in the Treatment of Classical Acupuncture Versus Yamamoto's New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA)
H. P. Ogal, S. Duennes, H. F. Herget
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Justus -Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
H. P. Ogal, S. Duennes, H. F. Herget
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Justus -Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
Method:
Experimental pain stimuli (32 per test person) were set in 42 test persons at the upper calcaneus edge, and pain reduction was checked intra-individually by using the following variations of treatment
Results:
Evaluation of the data as well as a statistical investigation using a bi-factoral variance analysis with repeated measurements of 2 respectively 1 factor yielded following results:
There are highly significant differences concerning pain reduction through the YNSA basis-point D and the acupuncture at the classical point u.b. 27 (p<0.0007).
There are highly significant differences concerning the verum and the placebo treatment (p<0.0006). Further hypothesis of controlling the experimental design were tested.
Summary:
On the whole, the investigation shows that there is a marked difference between the acupuncture of the YNSA basis-point D and the classical acupuncture u.b. 27 with regard to pain reduction with experimental stimuli at the calcaneus.
These differences are significant.
Lit.:
Experimental pain stimuli (32 per test person) were set in 42 test persons at the upper calcaneus edge, and pain reduction was checked intra-individually by using the following variations of treatment
- Acupuncture YNSA basis-point D
- Acupuncture at the classical point Xiaochangshu = urinary bladder 27 (u.b. 27)
- Acupuncture at the placebo point of the head (Falsum point)
- Acupuncture at the placebo point of the hip (Falsum point)
Results:
Evaluation of the data as well as a statistical investigation using a bi-factoral variance analysis with repeated measurements of 2 respectively 1 factor yielded following results:
There are highly significant differences concerning pain reduction through the YNSA basis-point D and the acupuncture at the classical point u.b. 27 (p<0.0007).
There are highly significant differences concerning the verum and the placebo treatment (p<0.0006). Further hypothesis of controlling the experimental design were tested.
Summary:
On the whole, the investigation shows that there is a marked difference between the acupuncture of the YNSA basis-point D and the classical acupuncture u.b. 27 with regard to pain reduction with experimental stimuli at the calcaneus.
These differences are significant.
Lit.:
- Chen Y, Deng I, ( 1989) Essentials of Contemporary Chinese Acupuncturist’s clinical experiences. Foreign Languages Press; Beijing
- Ogal H. P., Kolster B. C. ( 1997) Schaedelakupunktur nach Yamamoto - Grundlagen, Indikationen, Praxis. KVM; Marburg
- Yamamoto T, Maric-Ochler W (1991) Yamamoto Neue Schaedelakupunktur (YNSA), Chun-Jo; Freiburg i.Br.
Clinical Investigations on the Influence of the Retching Irritation (Gag-Reflex) During Laryngoscopy via Various Stimuli of the Triggering Point (Ren Mai 24) in the Mento-Labial Fold
H.P. Ogal ,B. Eistert 2, H. Hammermann 2, C. Schellenberg I, S. Duennes 1, W. Krumholz 3, H. Glanz 2, G. Hempelmann 1
Dep..of.Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine,Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany 1
Department of ENT, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany 2
Department of Anaesthesiology, Bethlehem Hospital, Stolberg Germany 3
H.P. Ogal ,B. Eistert 2, H. Hammermann 2, C. Schellenberg I, S. Duennes 1, W. Krumholz 3, H. Glanz 2, G. Hempelmann 1
Dep..of.Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine,Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany 1
Department of ENT, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany 2
Department of Anaesthesiology, Bethlehem Hospital, Stolberg Germany 3
Method:
In 8 groups of 30 patients (n=240) various procedures of reducing an increased retching irritation (gag-reflex) during laryngoscopy were randomized and simply blind studied during the ENT check-up.
Results:
Treatment with acupuncture at the Ren Mai 24 showed the most distinct reduction in retching reflex (gag-reflex).
Summary:
Of the 8 above mentioned groups, acupuncture at the Ren Mai 24 showed a distinct reduction of an increased retching reflex (gag-reflex) in laryngoscopy during the ENT check-up.
In 8 groups of 30 patients (n=240) various procedures of reducing an increased retching irritation (gag-reflex) during laryngoscopy were randomized and simply blind studied during the ENT check-up.
- Surface anaesthesia with lidocain spray
- Acupuncture at Ren Mai 24
- Falsum-acupuncture at the lateral chin
- Placebo treatment (inactivated laser pen)
- 0.5 ml NaCI 0.9% injection at the acupuncture point Ren Mai 24
- Lidocain 0.5% injection at the acupuncture point Ren Mai 24
- Lidocaine 2.0% injection at the acupuncture point Ren Mai 24
- Laryngoscopy without pre-treatment (control group)
Results:
Treatment with acupuncture at the Ren Mai 24 showed the most distinct reduction in retching reflex (gag-reflex).
Summary:
Of the 8 above mentioned groups, acupuncture at the Ren Mai 24 showed a distinct reduction of an increased retching reflex (gag-reflex) in laryngoscopy during the ENT check-up.
Intra-Individual Comparison of 3 Various Pre-Treatments for Reducing the Retching Irritation (Gag-Reflex) During Laryngoscopy
H. P. Ogal 1, H. Hammermann 2, C. Schellenberg 1, J. Henning 3, R. Luedke 4, S. Duennes 1, W. Krumholz 3, H. Glanz 2, G. Hemelmann 1
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany 1
Department of ENT, Justus-Liebig-University ,Giessen, Gerrnany 2
Department of Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University,Giessen ,Germany 3
Institute of Medical Information Processing, University of Tuebingen, Germany 4
Department of Anaesthesiology, Bethlehem Hospital, Stolberg, Germany 5
H. P. Ogal 1, H. Hammermann 2, C. Schellenberg 1, J. Henning 3, R. Luedke 4, S. Duennes 1, W. Krumholz 3, H. Glanz 2, G. Hemelmann 1
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany 1
Department of ENT, Justus-Liebig-University ,Giessen, Gerrnany 2
Department of Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University,Giessen ,Germany 3
Institute of Medical Information Processing, University of Tuebingen, Germany 4
Department of Anaesthesiology, Bethlehem Hospital, Stolberg, Germany 5
Method:
In this case, acupuncture at Ren Mai 24 was compared to the usual procedure (Lidocain spray). 36 patients with increased retching reflex (gag-reflex) were chosen and each pa-tient in the experimental randomized 3x3 cross-over design was laryngoscopied three times.
The investigational process was standardized. Objective and subjective stress indicators (heart rate, salivary cortisol, visual analog scale) were compiled and intra-individually evaluated. The following pre-treatments were randomized and blind studied:
Results:
The group with acupuncture at Ren Mai 24 (p<0.005) as well as the group with topical anaesthesia with lidocain spray (p<0.01) differed significantly from the control group.
Summary:
In the present investigation of patients with a pathological increased retching reflex (gag-reflex), there was a significant reduction of the retching reflex, which was obtained by applying the acupuncture of the Ren Mai 24 (p<0.005) spot as well as the usual method (topical anaesthesia with lidocain spray) (p<0.01). The advantages of acupuncture treatment are the maintained aspiration protection, the time-restrictable effect, non-occurrence of dysaesthesia (burning, choking) and the possible application of an additional topical anaesthesia in cases of insufficient effect.
Lit.:
In this case, acupuncture at Ren Mai 24 was compared to the usual procedure (Lidocain spray). 36 patients with increased retching reflex (gag-reflex) were chosen and each pa-tient in the experimental randomized 3x3 cross-over design was laryngoscopied three times.
The investigational process was standardized. Objective and subjective stress indicators (heart rate, salivary cortisol, visual analog scale) were compiled and intra-individually evaluated. The following pre-treatments were randomized and blind studied:
- Acupuncture at Ren Mai 24
- Topical anaesthesia with lidocain spray
- Control group without pre-treatment
Results:
The group with acupuncture at Ren Mai 24 (p<0.005) as well as the group with topical anaesthesia with lidocain spray (p<0.01) differed significantly from the control group.
Summary:
In the present investigation of patients with a pathological increased retching reflex (gag-reflex), there was a significant reduction of the retching reflex, which was obtained by applying the acupuncture of the Ren Mai 24 (p<0.005) spot as well as the usual method (topical anaesthesia with lidocain spray) (p<0.01). The advantages of acupuncture treatment are the maintained aspiration protection, the time-restrictable effect, non-occurrence of dysaesthesia (burning, choking) and the possible application of an additional topical anaesthesia in cases of insufficient effect.
Lit.:
- Chen Y. , Deng L. ( 1989) Essentials of Contemporary Chinese Acupuncturist's clinical experiences. Foreign Languages Press; Beijing
- Gleditsch J. ( 1997) Akupunktur in der HNO-Heilkunde, Hippokrates, Stuttgart
- Kirschbaum C., Strasberger C., Jammers W., Hellhammer D. (1989) Cortisol and Behavior; Adaptation of a radioimmunoassay kit for reliable and inexpensive salivary cortisol determination. Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior. 34: 747-751
- Ren X. ( 1997) Making an impression of a maxillary edentulous patient with gag reflex by pressing caves. J-Prosthet-Dent. 78(5): 533
- Rose R., Hurst M. (1975) Plasma cortisol and growth hormone responses to intravenous catheterization. J-Human Stress 1 : 22-36
The Relation Between Autonomic Nervous Innervation Patterns and the Use of Acupuncture Points in the Segmental Acupuncture
R.G. van Bussel M.D., Amsterdam, Holland
R.G. van Bussel M.D., Amsterdam, Holland
The basis of the segmental acupuncture is the segmental innervation. A segment consists of a dermatome (skin), myotome (muscles), sclerotome (joints) and viscerotome (organs).
The relation and interaction between these parts is possible by the shared (somatic and autonomic) innervation. In this way symptoms can be found in one part of the segment (f.i. the dermatome) as a result of pathology in an other part (f.i. the viscerotome). By classifying the segmental symptoms we can trace the disturbed segment(s). We call this the segmental diagnosis. It is also possible to use this nervous connection for therapeutic purposes. In the segmental acupuncture treatment we try to use the acupuncture points which are found in the dermatome and myotome of the disturbed segment. The afferent sensory information as a result of the (manual or electrical) stimulation of the acupuncture point ends in the first modulating centre; the sensory posterior horn of the spinal cord.
From here different pathways are possible:
The efferent innervation (and the effect of the acupuncture) of all parts of the segment consists of the latter two, but does no always innervate the same parts of the body. So we can find the efferent somatic innervation (myotome) of f.i. T 1/5 on the thorax and the efferent autonomic (sympathetic) innervation of the segments I 1/5 also on the thorax but also on the head, neck and arm. The explanation of this difference lies in the origin of the sympathetic innervation: from only a limited part of the spinal cord (C8-L2) the whole body is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. The knowledge of the above mentioned autonomic nervous patterns can be used for the selection of the acupuncture points. Especially when we need distant points and want to influence the pathology by using the autonomic nervous system.
The relation and interaction between these parts is possible by the shared (somatic and autonomic) innervation. In this way symptoms can be found in one part of the segment (f.i. the dermatome) as a result of pathology in an other part (f.i. the viscerotome). By classifying the segmental symptoms we can trace the disturbed segment(s). We call this the segmental diagnosis. It is also possible to use this nervous connection for therapeutic purposes. In the segmental acupuncture treatment we try to use the acupuncture points which are found in the dermatome and myotome of the disturbed segment. The afferent sensory information as a result of the (manual or electrical) stimulation of the acupuncture point ends in the first modulating centre; the sensory posterior horn of the spinal cord.
From here different pathways are possible:
- via ascending fibres to the higher centres (from the segmental point of view less interest-ing)
- via intrasegmental fibres to the anterior horn (somatic nervous system)
- via intrasegmental fibres to the lateral horn (autonomic nervous system)
The efferent innervation (and the effect of the acupuncture) of all parts of the segment consists of the latter two, but does no always innervate the same parts of the body. So we can find the efferent somatic innervation (myotome) of f.i. T 1/5 on the thorax and the efferent autonomic (sympathetic) innervation of the segments I 1/5 also on the thorax but also on the head, neck and arm. The explanation of this difference lies in the origin of the sympathetic innervation: from only a limited part of the spinal cord (C8-L2) the whole body is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. The knowledge of the above mentioned autonomic nervous patterns can be used for the selection of the acupuncture points. Especially when we need distant points and want to influence the pathology by using the autonomic nervous system.
Five Elements : Cosmic Principles in your Kitchen
Dr. Ilse-Maria Fahrnow
Jurgen Ollinger Worthstr.43 , D-81667 Munich , Germany
Dr. Ilse-Maria Fahrnow
Jurgen Ollinger Worthstr.43 , D-81667 Munich , Germany
Like acupuncture and Chinese phytotherapy dietetics of traditional Chinese medicine try to regulate disturbed energy circuits harmonically. Foodstuffs are chosen according to their energy level in order to balance weaknesses of individual functional circuits or to release blocks. Taken into consideration are the lucullian as well as the health aspects A menue will be developed stimulating the senses and fitting the demand of every day.
Our Experience with Complex Treatment of Epicondylitis Syndrome
UMLAUF Richard
BRNO, Czech Republic
UMLAUF Richard
BRNO, Czech Republic
446 patients (1.6%) only with local afflicted elbow joint were treated from 27 253 ambulant patients (289 971 therapeutical sittings, the average 10.64/1 patient) since 1975 to 1997.
2732 of them (10.02%) had symptoms corresponding to the cervico-brachial syndrome, another 1383 (5.07%) to the cervico-cranio-brachial syndrome, all of them with more or less significant pains also in the elbow region. Because only 9% of all our patients were not treated by classic pharmacological, physical, surgical, spa therapy and 91 % of them were not satisfied with the treatment before, we established gradually not only the body acupuncture and electroacupuncture, but also vacuotherapy, auriculotherapy, soft-laser, chinese scalp acupuncture, YNSA, periostal acupuncture, HFOT based on acupuncture systematics, weak, rapidly variable and programmed magnetic fields etc. combined also with manual, medicine and TUI NA in suitable patients. Thanks to the strict individual but complex treatment of our patients we achieved a long-lasting therapeutical effects in 2922 (71 %) of them.
2732 of them (10.02%) had symptoms corresponding to the cervico-brachial syndrome, another 1383 (5.07%) to the cervico-cranio-brachial syndrome, all of them with more or less significant pains also in the elbow region. Because only 9% of all our patients were not treated by classic pharmacological, physical, surgical, spa therapy and 91 % of them were not satisfied with the treatment before, we established gradually not only the body acupuncture and electroacupuncture, but also vacuotherapy, auriculotherapy, soft-laser, chinese scalp acupuncture, YNSA, periostal acupuncture, HFOT based on acupuncture systematics, weak, rapidly variable and programmed magnetic fields etc. combined also with manual, medicine and TUI NA in suitable patients. Thanks to the strict individual but complex treatment of our patients we achieved a long-lasting therapeutical effects in 2922 (71 %) of them.
Manual Acupuncture at PC6 Reduces Hyperemesis Gravidarum - A Placebo-Controlled Randomised Crossover Study
Carlsson Christer, Axemo P, Bodin A, Ehrenroth B, Madegard-Lind I, Navander C.
Physical Medicine Unit, Department to Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden and
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Carlsson Christer, Axemo P, Bodin A, Ehrenroth B, Madegard-Lind I, Navander C.
Physical Medicine Unit, Department to Rehabilitation, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden and
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nausea and vomiting are common complaints in early pregnancy. It occurs in 50-80% of all pregnancies. In about 1-2% of all pregnancies hyperemesis gravidarum, severe vomiting and nausea can be found. The result can be weight loss, dehydration and ketonemi and the woman often requires nutritional support and hospitalisation. The pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum is not fully understood; some claim elevated chorionic gonadotropin level, some thyroid dysfunction or altered gastrointestinal function or hypofunction of the anterior pituitary and adrenal cortex or psychosomatic factors. Methods used to control hyperemesis gravidarum include drugs such as antihistamines, phenotiazines and other antiemetics, parental nutrition, corticosteroids, and psychotherapy. Acupuncture and acupressure, on especially PC6, have been used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting after short gynaecological operations as well as those associated with Cisplatin-treatments. It has also been used against morning sickness and motion sickness. Normal therapy at our hospitals against hyperemesis gravidarum has so far been parenteral nutrition, B 12 injections and bedrest for some days. Pregnant women in Sweden, as else-where, are reluctant to use any kind of drugs during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to see if acupuncture on the acupoint PC6 could improve the treatment against this severe condition. We therefore performed this randomized placebo-controlled crossover study.
Method: This study included 33 women suffering from severe nausea, vomiting, weight loss and dehydration. They had failed to respond to conventional treatment, like dietary change or antihistamins. In connection with hospitalisation these women were offered to take part in the study if they were healthy besides from this hyperemesis.
Two methods of acupuncture were used. Both methods included 30 min of treatment each time. Special trained midwives performed the acupuncture treatments.
1. Traditional de-qi (deep) acupuncture at PC6 bilateral. De-qi was searched for three times each treatment.
2. Superficial acupuncture (regarded as placebo treatment) where a needle was inserted 10 cm from the wrist of the thumb side of the forearm (bilateral). The needles were just inserted intracutaneously or superficially subcutaneously. No "de-qi" sensation was searched but the needles were twitched three times each treatment (just as when searching de-qi).
During the whole study the women, besides from acupuncture, got the usual treatments on the clinic. The study was undertaken during seven consecutive days.
Day 0 was just for baseline registrations. On day 1 and 2 as well as day 5 and 6 , acupuncture was given. Day 3 and 4 were "wash-out-period" and no acupuncture was performed.
On day 7 evaluations were terminated. Acupuncture treatments were given three times daily, when given. The women were randomized (random tables) into two groups, A and B. A-group first got real de-qui acupuncture (PC6), while B-group started with superficial acupuncture. Day 5 and 6 treatments were switched. The women were told that we compared two methods of acupuncture as we did not know which one was best.
They were thus not informed that we considered superficial acupuncture to be less effective. On each of the seven study days (as well as on day 0) the women were asked to estimate their degree of inconvenience from nausea on a VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) graded 0-10. Daily number of vomiting and meals were done from a SPSS database where all scorings were stored. T test and non-parametric tests were used. For crossover analysed we used the method described in ordinary medical statistical textbooks.
Results: All the parameters (VAS, vomiting, intravenous fluids) were significantly reduced from baseline values in both groups immediately from day 0. Vomiting were significantly reduced from day 0 to day 1 only in group A. VAS from day 0-2 and 4-6 were significantly reduced for all women. VAS did not go down day 2-4 (no acupuncture was given day 3 and 4). Crossover analyses showed that there was a significant faster reduction of VAS in the PC6 treatments than in superficial ones. (p=0.031, Mann-Whitney) and this was not a periodic effect (p=0.146).
Conclusions: It seems that PC6 de-qi acupuncture could be a method to make women with hyperemesis gravidarum better faster than with just usual treatments. For future studies it should be enough comparing real acupuncture with usual treatments since it is here shown that this method is better than superficial acupuncture which can be regarded as strong placebo in acupuncture studies.
Method: This study included 33 women suffering from severe nausea, vomiting, weight loss and dehydration. They had failed to respond to conventional treatment, like dietary change or antihistamins. In connection with hospitalisation these women were offered to take part in the study if they were healthy besides from this hyperemesis.
Two methods of acupuncture were used. Both methods included 30 min of treatment each time. Special trained midwives performed the acupuncture treatments.
1. Traditional de-qi (deep) acupuncture at PC6 bilateral. De-qi was searched for three times each treatment.
2. Superficial acupuncture (regarded as placebo treatment) where a needle was inserted 10 cm from the wrist of the thumb side of the forearm (bilateral). The needles were just inserted intracutaneously or superficially subcutaneously. No "de-qi" sensation was searched but the needles were twitched three times each treatment (just as when searching de-qi).
During the whole study the women, besides from acupuncture, got the usual treatments on the clinic. The study was undertaken during seven consecutive days.
Day 0 was just for baseline registrations. On day 1 and 2 as well as day 5 and 6 , acupuncture was given. Day 3 and 4 were "wash-out-period" and no acupuncture was performed.
On day 7 evaluations were terminated. Acupuncture treatments were given three times daily, when given. The women were randomized (random tables) into two groups, A and B. A-group first got real de-qui acupuncture (PC6), while B-group started with superficial acupuncture. Day 5 and 6 treatments were switched. The women were told that we compared two methods of acupuncture as we did not know which one was best.
They were thus not informed that we considered superficial acupuncture to be less effective. On each of the seven study days (as well as on day 0) the women were asked to estimate their degree of inconvenience from nausea on a VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) graded 0-10. Daily number of vomiting and meals were done from a SPSS database where all scorings were stored. T test and non-parametric tests were used. For crossover analysed we used the method described in ordinary medical statistical textbooks.
Results: All the parameters (VAS, vomiting, intravenous fluids) were significantly reduced from baseline values in both groups immediately from day 0. Vomiting were significantly reduced from day 0 to day 1 only in group A. VAS from day 0-2 and 4-6 were significantly reduced for all women. VAS did not go down day 2-4 (no acupuncture was given day 3 and 4). Crossover analyses showed that there was a significant faster reduction of VAS in the PC6 treatments than in superficial ones. (p=0.031, Mann-Whitney) and this was not a periodic effect (p=0.146).
Conclusions: It seems that PC6 de-qi acupuncture could be a method to make women with hyperemesis gravidarum better faster than with just usual treatments. For future studies it should be enough comparing real acupuncture with usual treatments since it is here shown that this method is better than superficial acupuncture which can be regarded as strong placebo in acupuncture studies.
Yamamoto's New Scalp Acupuncture, ECIWO Biology and a Holonomic Theory of the Healing System
Uilhelm Schjelderup , M.D., Norway
Uilhelm Schjelderup , M.D., Norway
Yamarnoto's new scalp acupuncture and Su Jok therapy, as well as other microsystems of acupuncture, are based on a common bioholographic principle. The ECIWO theory ex-plains this on a general biological basis: Each part of the organism has an embryological potential and contains informattion of the whole organism. This multilevel structuring of the organism in ECIWOs explains, according to the theory, why we can use these different microsystems both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The therapeutic effect of these microsystems, or bioholographic acupuncture systems , is now well documented through clinical research. How to explain this within a more general biomedical framework is, however, as yet an open question. The structuring of the body in ECIWOs has an obvious cybernetic function, serving to strengthen the functional integrity of the organism through its activity and contact with the external world. This explains how we selectively may stimulate healing processes and promote physiological homeostasis through bioholographic therapy. It is, therefore reasonable to regard the bioholographic structuring of the organism as part of a general healing system of the organism.
Such a pancybernetic system of the ECIWOs will function at organic levels above the cellular level. It does not explain organic repair processes at the biomolecular and intracellular level. The possibility of formulating a more general theory of the healing system, including also biomolecular and intracellular processes, is discussed on the basis of present biophysical theories. Such a general theory of the healing system would have holonomic properties in agreement with David Bohm's theory of the implicate order.
Such a pancybernetic system of the ECIWOs will function at organic levels above the cellular level. It does not explain organic repair processes at the biomolecular and intracellular level. The possibility of formulating a more general theory of the healing system, including also biomolecular and intracellular processes, is discussed on the basis of present biophysical theories. Such a general theory of the healing system would have holonomic properties in agreement with David Bohm's theory of the implicate order.
The Use of Acupuncture and Polarized Light Therapy for Treatment of Paresis in a Rear Limb of a Dog due to a Fractured Vertebra
Kiyokazu Naganobu, 1 Toshikatsu Yamamoto, 2 Noriko Shimizu, 3 Yashuhi Iga, 1 Hiroshi Kido, 4 Mitsuyoshi Hagio 1
Veterinary Surgery, Miyazaki University, 1 Aishinkai Yamamoto Hospital, 2 Acacia
Animal Hospital, 3 Kido Animal Hospital 4
Kiyokazu Naganobu, 1 Toshikatsu Yamamoto, 2 Noriko Shimizu, 3 Yashuhi Iga, 1 Hiroshi Kido, 4 Mitsuyoshi Hagio 1
Veterinary Surgery, Miyazaki University, 1 Aishinkai Yamamoto Hospital, 2 Acacia
Animal Hospital, 3 Kido Animal Hospital 4
[Case history]
Dog, Irish setter, female, 6 years old. A fracture at the L7 vertebral due to a traffic accident had been surgically reduced and fixed. Coxofemoral luxation had been untreated. Loss of sensation below the distal half of the lateral crus on the right pelvic limb persisted, but normal sensation was perceived int the medial. Micturation disorder also persisted.
[Acupuncture and polarized light therapy]
Acupuncture and polarized light therapy was started at 280 hospital day. Spot type polarized light therapy equipment (Super Lizer, Tokyo Iken, Tokyo Japan) was used for the polarized light therapy. Both acupuncture and polarized light therapy were performed on the head employing the "Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture" method which has been developed for humans. Some points on the lower back were also exposed to the therapy. The day the therapy started, sensitive area on the right pelvic limb expanded to the distal crus. The therapy lasted intermittently for 86 days. The sensitive area further expanded to the distal half of the tarsus. Paresis of the right limb and micturation disorder did not change.
[Discussions]
Acupuncture and polarized light therapy were believed to contribute to the partial recovery of sensation in the pelvic limb in this dog case.
Dog, Irish setter, female, 6 years old. A fracture at the L7 vertebral due to a traffic accident had been surgically reduced and fixed. Coxofemoral luxation had been untreated. Loss of sensation below the distal half of the lateral crus on the right pelvic limb persisted, but normal sensation was perceived int the medial. Micturation disorder also persisted.
[Acupuncture and polarized light therapy]
Acupuncture and polarized light therapy was started at 280 hospital day. Spot type polarized light therapy equipment (Super Lizer, Tokyo Iken, Tokyo Japan) was used for the polarized light therapy. Both acupuncture and polarized light therapy were performed on the head employing the "Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture" method which has been developed for humans. Some points on the lower back were also exposed to the therapy. The day the therapy started, sensitive area on the right pelvic limb expanded to the distal crus. The therapy lasted intermittently for 86 days. The sensitive area further expanded to the distal half of the tarsus. Paresis of the right limb and micturation disorder did not change.
[Discussions]
Acupuncture and polarized light therapy were believed to contribute to the partial recovery of sensation in the pelvic limb in this dog case.
Clinical Application of YNSA on Small Animal Patients
Makoto Sashizu, DVM, PhD, Noriko Shimizu, DVM
Nippon Verterinary and Animal Science University
Acacia Anirnal Hospital Tokyo, Japan
Makoto Sashizu, DVM, PhD, Noriko Shimizu, DVM
Nippon Verterinary and Animal Science University
Acacia Anirnal Hospital Tokyo, Japan
YNSA is a new concept in veterinary medicine. Since we have recognized nodes around ear, which related to YNSA map, acupuncture and/or Superlizer were applied to treat specific clinical signs in several animal patients. Six clinical cases are presented for this meeting.
Case 1: A female 9 months old mongrel dog weighing l0 kg presented clinical signs such as convulsion of extremities especially during lateral recumbency for several months and decreased appetite and vigor were observed. Palpation: significant edema of the head; node on right G820. Pulse: slippery deep pulse. Tongue: Light-red. Coating: white-thin. Dx: Chronic convulsion of extremities by the spleen deficiency and stirring up of wind-phlegm. TX: acupuncture: GB2O and GV2OA, Herb: Liu Jun Zu Tang and Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang. Results: edema of head disappeared right after the acupuncture and the convulsion resolved 5 weeks treatment of acupuncture (1/week) and herbs. Node of BGl2 disappeared.
Case 2: A fourteen years female Japanese mixed cat weighing 2.8kg showed ataxia for 5 months and the signs getting worse at night. Other clinical signs include foreleg knuckling, recurrent constipation and diarrhea, and occasional vomiting. Dx: ataxia and disequilibrium caused by spleen deficiency and stirring up of wind-phlegm. Tongue: light-red. Pulse: slightly weak and slippery. Palpation: nodes on left Y2 and A point. Tx: Superlizer on left YU2 and A point with Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang Jia Gouteng. Result: ambulant improved significantly after the first treatment of Superlizer. However, it took 2 months until the ambulant was stabilized and the acupuncture point changed to GB 12 and the node of GB 12 became very smaller with the improvement of clinical signs.
Case 3: A three years old male Pomeranian weighing 2.3kg was presented ataxia and lack of appetite by the hydrocephalus for 2 weeks. Dx: stirring up of wind-phlegm and nodes on right Yl and right GB 12. Tx: Superlizer on right Yl and right GB 12 and later of GB2OA was utilized and Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang jia jian was administered. Result: the ambulant improved significantly and the cat can walk outside for 30 min. however, a slight ataxia remained.
Case 4: A eighteen years old female Himalayan cat vomited for 10 months and horizontal nystagmus lasted from kitten. Dx: vomiting was due to pyloric stenosis. Tongue: slightly red. Pulse: deep and weak. Palpation: node on right 5J18 or Sjl9. TX: pyloric stenosis was surgically treated and Superlizer was applied on right SJ 18 or SJ 19. Result: vorniting resolved and the horizontal nystagmus disappeared right after treatment however, it appeared again with much smaller magnitude of horizontal nystagmus.
Case 5: A thirteen years old Japanese mixed cat weighing 3.8kg has been treated for uncontrollable diabetic mellitus for 3 years. Other clinical signs were thirsty and easy to dehydrate. DX: kidney yin deficiency. Palpation: large hot nodes (l.5cm) on left kidney Y8(Yin) and small nodes on both side of BLS2. TX: acupuncture every other day on each nodes. Results: blood glucose level decreased significantly and blood glucose level can be controlled much easier. The large hot node on the Y8 became much smaller (2-3mm) after a week.
Case 6: A female 6 months old Labrador Retriever weighing l2kg was referred as congenital portasystemic shunt (PSS). Clinical signs were seizure after the meal, lack of appetite, diarrhea and emaciation. DX: portasystemic shunt (western DX) and liver yin (blood) deficiency with internal stirring up of liver wind. Tongue: pale-white. Pulse: deep and weak. Palpation: nodes on GBl2 and Yl (Yang). TX: every PSS dogs had surgery to repair abnormal blood vessel from portal to systemic circulation. All the cases of PSS had big node (l cm) on GBl2. It is interesting to observe a big node on GB 12 in cases of PSS since the poor blood flow to the liver is obvious in this condition.
We have observed nodes on head of animals similar to YNSA map and the treatment on these nodes were quite successful to palliate or resolve the clinical problems. However the area of nodes were relatively small to recognize the exact relationship with the expected organ systems in small animals.
Case 1: A female 9 months old mongrel dog weighing l0 kg presented clinical signs such as convulsion of extremities especially during lateral recumbency for several months and decreased appetite and vigor were observed. Palpation: significant edema of the head; node on right G820. Pulse: slippery deep pulse. Tongue: Light-red. Coating: white-thin. Dx: Chronic convulsion of extremities by the spleen deficiency and stirring up of wind-phlegm. TX: acupuncture: GB2O and GV2OA, Herb: Liu Jun Zu Tang and Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang. Results: edema of head disappeared right after the acupuncture and the convulsion resolved 5 weeks treatment of acupuncture (1/week) and herbs. Node of BGl2 disappeared.
Case 2: A fourteen years female Japanese mixed cat weighing 2.8kg showed ataxia for 5 months and the signs getting worse at night. Other clinical signs include foreleg knuckling, recurrent constipation and diarrhea, and occasional vomiting. Dx: ataxia and disequilibrium caused by spleen deficiency and stirring up of wind-phlegm. Tongue: light-red. Pulse: slightly weak and slippery. Palpation: nodes on left Y2 and A point. Tx: Superlizer on left YU2 and A point with Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang Jia Gouteng. Result: ambulant improved significantly after the first treatment of Superlizer. However, it took 2 months until the ambulant was stabilized and the acupuncture point changed to GB 12 and the node of GB 12 became very smaller with the improvement of clinical signs.
Case 3: A three years old male Pomeranian weighing 2.3kg was presented ataxia and lack of appetite by the hydrocephalus for 2 weeks. Dx: stirring up of wind-phlegm and nodes on right Yl and right GB 12. Tx: Superlizer on right Yl and right GB 12 and later of GB2OA was utilized and Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang jia jian was administered. Result: the ambulant improved significantly and the cat can walk outside for 30 min. however, a slight ataxia remained.
Case 4: A eighteen years old female Himalayan cat vomited for 10 months and horizontal nystagmus lasted from kitten. Dx: vomiting was due to pyloric stenosis. Tongue: slightly red. Pulse: deep and weak. Palpation: node on right 5J18 or Sjl9. TX: pyloric stenosis was surgically treated and Superlizer was applied on right SJ 18 or SJ 19. Result: vorniting resolved and the horizontal nystagmus disappeared right after treatment however, it appeared again with much smaller magnitude of horizontal nystagmus.
Case 5: A thirteen years old Japanese mixed cat weighing 3.8kg has been treated for uncontrollable diabetic mellitus for 3 years. Other clinical signs were thirsty and easy to dehydrate. DX: kidney yin deficiency. Palpation: large hot nodes (l.5cm) on left kidney Y8(Yin) and small nodes on both side of BLS2. TX: acupuncture every other day on each nodes. Results: blood glucose level decreased significantly and blood glucose level can be controlled much easier. The large hot node on the Y8 became much smaller (2-3mm) after a week.
Case 6: A female 6 months old Labrador Retriever weighing l2kg was referred as congenital portasystemic shunt (PSS). Clinical signs were seizure after the meal, lack of appetite, diarrhea and emaciation. DX: portasystemic shunt (western DX) and liver yin (blood) deficiency with internal stirring up of liver wind. Tongue: pale-white. Pulse: deep and weak. Palpation: nodes on GBl2 and Yl (Yang). TX: every PSS dogs had surgery to repair abnormal blood vessel from portal to systemic circulation. All the cases of PSS had big node (l cm) on GBl2. It is interesting to observe a big node on GB 12 in cases of PSS since the poor blood flow to the liver is obvious in this condition.
We have observed nodes on head of animals similar to YNSA map and the treatment on these nodes were quite successful to palliate or resolve the clinical problems. However the area of nodes were relatively small to recognize the exact relationship with the expected organ systems in small animals.
Acupuncture as a Preventive Therapy in Allergic Rhinitis
Istvan Pesztenlehrer, M.D.
Hungary
Istvan Pesztenlehrer, M.D.
Hungary
The author has summarized his experiences of more than 20 years with the acupuncture treatment of allergic rhinitis with the conclusion, that the acupuncture is suitable not only for the treatment, but also for the prevention of allergic rhinitis.
Recently, his observations are also supported by the performed scientific studies (in-crease of several lymphocyte subpopulation: CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, change in cytokine concentration, IL-6, IL-8 etc.).
Recently, his observations are also supported by the performed scientific studies (in-crease of several lymphocyte subpopulation: CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, change in cytokine concentration, IL-6, IL-8 etc.).
Experience with Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture ( YNSA )
in Rehabilitation in Hungary
G. Hegyi
Yamamoto Rehabilitation Institute, Department of Complimentary Medicine, Imre Haynal University of Health Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
in Rehabilitation in Hungary
G. Hegyi
Yamamoto Rehabilitation Institute, Department of Complimentary Medicine, Imre Haynal University of Health Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
OBJECTIVE: The Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture ( YNSA ) system can be applied as a pain eliminating device in general practice, but also has a significant role in medical rehabilitation.
MATERIALS and METHODS: In the last 10 years the YNSA method was used in 3450 cases of handicapped children with spastic muscle tone and mental disorders as well as stroke patients with residual symptoms. In this controlled study, results of 35 spastic children and of 25 hemiparetic stroke patients have been analysed. In order to avoid frequent needle insertions, a unique technique of absorbeable monofilament acupuncture was developed.
RESULTS: In the spastic children group, a significant improvement in their post-treatment condition was observed, mostly in mental vigility, spascicity, symmetrical and asymmetrical tone distribution.
In the stroke group, a significant improvement has been found in the patients movement-co-ordination, gait efficacy, self-support and overall mental state. The method proved to be safe, as no side effects, including suppuration of filaments, have been found.
CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up of patients treated with YNSA method showed significant improvement in spastic children and stroke patients. In addition, the newly developed YNSA method proved to be covenient and safe for our patients.
MATERIALS and METHODS: In the last 10 years the YNSA method was used in 3450 cases of handicapped children with spastic muscle tone and mental disorders as well as stroke patients with residual symptoms. In this controlled study, results of 35 spastic children and of 25 hemiparetic stroke patients have been analysed. In order to avoid frequent needle insertions, a unique technique of absorbeable monofilament acupuncture was developed.
RESULTS: In the spastic children group, a significant improvement in their post-treatment condition was observed, mostly in mental vigility, spascicity, symmetrical and asymmetrical tone distribution.
In the stroke group, a significant improvement has been found in the patients movement-co-ordination, gait efficacy, self-support and overall mental state. The method proved to be safe, as no side effects, including suppuration of filaments, have been found.
CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up of patients treated with YNSA method showed significant improvement in spastic children and stroke patients. In addition, the newly developed YNSA method proved to be covenient and safe for our patients.
Rehabilitation and Habilitation by Dry Needling and Low Level Density Laser Therapy
Gabriella HEGHYI M.D.
Yamamoto Acupuncture - Rehabilitation Institute ( Hungarian Postgraduate Medical University ) Budapest, Hungary, 1196. Petofi u. 79 ( 361-1579523)
Gabriella HEGHYI M.D.
Yamamoto Acupuncture - Rehabilitation Institute ( Hungarian Postgraduate Medical University ) Budapest, Hungary, 1196. Petofi u. 79 ( 361-1579523)
The rehabilitation-habilitation in a serious work for the team dealing with handicapped children as well as patient, who are suffering from moving disorders. The importance is, that every 5 patients is suffering from moving troubles in Hungary, that means near 10 Million apperance of outpatients in consulting room in a year. (Hungary has l OM. citizens)
The combined methods have taken place in various treatment forms of those patients.
1. Program of treatment:
It is necessary - to have correct diagnosis, (CT, MRI, e.t.c)
2. Combined Acu-LLL (Low level density laser) therapy is powerful help:
3. Neurological cases treated by combined therapeutical methods ( forms and doses )
4. Results due to combined treatment
5. Discussion
The combined methods have taken place in various treatment forms of those patients.
1. Program of treatment:
It is necessary - to have correct diagnosis, (CT, MRI, e.t.c)
- to set up the acupuncture-indication ( according to TCM )
- to supplement with other useful methods (radiological laser therapy, gymnastic exercises by special conductor, manual therapy, TENS, e.t.c )
2. Combined Acu-LLL (Low level density laser) therapy is powerful help:
- right indication, right parameters (output, energy, time) of LLL therapy
- the structure required for the propagation of the ACUimpulse is intact
- sooner starting with treatment
3. Neurological cases treated by combined therapeutical methods ( forms and doses )
4. Results due to combined treatment
5. Discussion
Lungs, Large Intestine and Skin - Some Natural Scientific Interpretations
Walburg Maric-Oehler
President of the German Medical Acupuncture Society /DAGFA
Walburg Maric-Oehler
President of the German Medical Acupuncture Society /DAGFA
This is a summery of the 2nd Mainz Acupuncture Congress ACUPUNCTURE AND UNIVERSITY which has been arranged at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in co-operation with the German Medical Acupuncture Society / DAGFA to find out the common basics in science between the lungs functional sphere of Chinese medicine and Western pulmology, gastroenterology, dermatology, immunology, psychosomatics, biophysics and philosophy in "Allergic diseases of Skin and Mucosa".
Summarised in the first step it could have been worked out different common scientific details to demonstrate the functional energetic connections between lungs, large intestine and their corresponding tissue skin respectively mucosa with relations to the opener nose and the fluid mucos.
Different bridges could have been found in embryology, physiology, neurophysiology, immunology, biophysics and Western psycosomatics.
It still was not possible to find an explanation for a specific correlation of the emotional factor sadness. It seems to be more importance of the affectivity as a whole.
Other analogies like taste, smell, behaviour, colour, bioclimatic factor or season are also waiting for more scientific explanation in their bounding to lungs.
It also could have been demonstrated, that principle phenomenons of the lungs phase such like limiting, exchange, contact, relation to inner and outer environment, symbiotic ability, detoxification, purification, losing, border experience, going over, emptiness, harvest, fall and expiring can be partly explained in a scientific way.
Summarised in the first step it could have been worked out different common scientific details to demonstrate the functional energetic connections between lungs, large intestine and their corresponding tissue skin respectively mucosa with relations to the opener nose and the fluid mucos.
Different bridges could have been found in embryology, physiology, neurophysiology, immunology, biophysics and Western psycosomatics.
It still was not possible to find an explanation for a specific correlation of the emotional factor sadness. It seems to be more importance of the affectivity as a whole.
Other analogies like taste, smell, behaviour, colour, bioclimatic factor or season are also waiting for more scientific explanation in their bounding to lungs.
It also could have been demonstrated, that principle phenomenons of the lungs phase such like limiting, exchange, contact, relation to inner and outer environment, symbiotic ability, detoxification, purification, losing, border experience, going over, emptiness, harvest, fall and expiring can be partly explained in a scientific way.
Experiences of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain
Kertesz Agnes, Hegyi Gabriella
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical University, Szeged, Hungary
Kertesz Agnes, Hegyi Gabriella
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical University, Szeged, Hungary
INTRODUCTION: Conventional and complimentary medicine offer numerous possibilities for reduction or elimination on chronic pain. In a large majority of cases, conventional therapy affords a satisfactory result. In a significant number of subjects however, the improvement is not appropriate. The present work has the aim of demonstrating the opportunities provided by one of the main branches of complimentary medicine, acupuncture. This report summarises the results attained by treating chronic low back pain by means of laser-therapy.
METHODS: 90 patients with chronic pain in the low back took part in the study. They received laser-acupuncture treatment administrated to acupuncture points in the ear and in the body that corresponded to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine. The instrumental parameters, applied: Seirin laser pen Ga A, As diode, 780nm laser category 3B, 5mW, 10Hz.
RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS: Prior to the acupuncture treatment, these 90 patients had participated in conventional therapy without any essential improvement. In response to 3-5 laser-acupuncture therapy sessions, complete remission of pain was achieved in 72 cases. In patients who exhibited only a temporary improvement even after the fifth session, CT and MRI recordings confirmed the suspicion on discus hernia, and these patients underwent surgery. Even after a period of 3 years, the 72 patients have not observed recurrence of the pain. These results demonstrate that lasting freedom from pain can be attained in cases, which do not respond to conventional therapy. At the same time, it draws attention to the necessity of the application of modern imaging procedures in order to make an accurate diagnosis in those subjects who do not improve satisfactorily.
METHODS: 90 patients with chronic pain in the low back took part in the study. They received laser-acupuncture treatment administrated to acupuncture points in the ear and in the body that corresponded to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine. The instrumental parameters, applied: Seirin laser pen Ga A, As diode, 780nm laser category 3B, 5mW, 10Hz.
RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS: Prior to the acupuncture treatment, these 90 patients had participated in conventional therapy without any essential improvement. In response to 3-5 laser-acupuncture therapy sessions, complete remission of pain was achieved in 72 cases. In patients who exhibited only a temporary improvement even after the fifth session, CT and MRI recordings confirmed the suspicion on discus hernia, and these patients underwent surgery. Even after a period of 3 years, the 72 patients have not observed recurrence of the pain. These results demonstrate that lasting freedom from pain can be attained in cases, which do not respond to conventional therapy. At the same time, it draws attention to the necessity of the application of modern imaging procedures in order to make an accurate diagnosis in those subjects who do not improve satisfactorily.
Magnetic Articles Using 'Open Points'
Dr. Nimet Reshidi, Turkey
Fener Kalamis Cad, Egemen Sock, Mercan Apt. Il7 Kalamis , Istanbul tel: 90 216 348 2963 , fax: 90 216 338 2938
Dr. Nimet Reshidi, Turkey
Fener Kalamis Cad, Egemen Sock, Mercan Apt. Il7 Kalamis , Istanbul tel: 90 216 348 2963 , fax: 90 216 338 2938
In the period of 1995 - 1998, magnetic articles therapy initiated to 955 cases with different disease, and 12 cases of them are migraine, thermalphobia, tinnitus nervosa, trigeminal neuralgia, hoarse, simple obesity, essential hypertension, cervical spondylosis, asthma, insomnia, menopause syndrome, facial paralysis who were fail to respond to classical acupuncture needle by myself.
Materials:
1. 1500 gauss Eporee-bio-magnetic skin patch plaster. Made in TDK Corporation, Tokyo Japan
2. Ziwuliuzhu Calculating Plate; 2500gauss magnetic adsorbing needles; 40-100 gauss Magnetic bolls; 300 gauss Magnetic cup. All belongs to China.
Method:
Opening Points' are selected according to the Ziwuliuzhu (Midday - Midnight Flowing and Pooling) acupuncture method. The time division when a patient calls on and ask for treatment. Basing on this method, according to the state of an illness and the symptom, coordinate another experimental points. Treatment was given three courses, ten times make a course. The interval between courses was three days, and suggested the magnetic skin patch plaster on the Eight Influential points Zhangmen (Liv-13), Tanzhong (Cv-17), Xuanzhong (Gb-39), Taiyuan (L-9), Zhongwan (Cv-12), Geshu (Ub-17), Dazhu (Ub-11), Yanglingquan (Gb-34)
During this course, suggested to drink the water which magnetized by Magnetic Cup in 1-2 hours, according to the thirsty, as a supplementary therapy.
Result:
On the 12 cases, the symptoms was controlled after one course and completely cured after three courses.
Conclusion:
The effect of magnetic articles on acu-points are, in the final analysis, conditioned on the magnetic field. Effecting an acupuncture point by the magnetic field, increases the activity of some enzymes in the local area is and changes the excited state at former level, thus inducing to increase and decrease the bio electricity. The bio electric changes along the path of low impedance (meridians) reach the related organ in wave form, bringing into being "Qi Zhi Bing Suo" (Qi reaching to the affected area) and promoting recovery of part where pathological changes are found.
Materials:
1. 1500 gauss Eporee-bio-magnetic skin patch plaster. Made in TDK Corporation, Tokyo Japan
2. Ziwuliuzhu Calculating Plate; 2500gauss magnetic adsorbing needles; 40-100 gauss Magnetic bolls; 300 gauss Magnetic cup. All belongs to China.
Method:
Opening Points' are selected according to the Ziwuliuzhu (Midday - Midnight Flowing and Pooling) acupuncture method. The time division when a patient calls on and ask for treatment. Basing on this method, according to the state of an illness and the symptom, coordinate another experimental points. Treatment was given three courses, ten times make a course. The interval between courses was three days, and suggested the magnetic skin patch plaster on the Eight Influential points Zhangmen (Liv-13), Tanzhong (Cv-17), Xuanzhong (Gb-39), Taiyuan (L-9), Zhongwan (Cv-12), Geshu (Ub-17), Dazhu (Ub-11), Yanglingquan (Gb-34)
During this course, suggested to drink the water which magnetized by Magnetic Cup in 1-2 hours, according to the thirsty, as a supplementary therapy.
Result:
On the 12 cases, the symptoms was controlled after one course and completely cured after three courses.
Conclusion:
The effect of magnetic articles on acu-points are, in the final analysis, conditioned on the magnetic field. Effecting an acupuncture point by the magnetic field, increases the activity of some enzymes in the local area is and changes the excited state at former level, thus inducing to increase and decrease the bio electricity. The bio electric changes along the path of low impedance (meridians) reach the related organ in wave form, bringing into being "Qi Zhi Bing Suo" (Qi reaching to the affected area) and promoting recovery of part where pathological changes are found.
Can it be proved that Acupuncture has an Objectively Positive Stimulative Or Normalizing Effect on the Immune System
ANNA LOSKOTOVA- Filipkova , M.D.
SALVE centrum, Jiraskova 177/lV, 566 01 Vysoke Myto, Czech Republic
ANNA LOSKOTOVA- Filipkova , M.D.
SALVE centrum, Jiraskova 177/lV, 566 01 Vysoke Myto, Czech Republic
The purpose of this paper is to support our objective argument that acupuncture can positively influence the immune system. The application of acupuncture in practice testifies of its stimulative effect on the immune system The authors are hereby attempting to prove the objective capacity of this effect, even in laboratory conditions. Patients with documented immunity disorder were subjected to the following laboratory procedures, in particular:
1 ) acupuncture ( ACU ) as monotherapy
2) acupuncture plus antioxidiancies
3) acupuncture plus Specific Individual Autobiotherapy ( SIAB, using autovaccines containing cytokinetic fragments). During our laboratory tests, we focused primarily on so-called "cellular immunity", concretely on cellular alterations observed in individual subpopulations or T lymphocytes, since they constituted a particularly significant type of cells suitable for our research due to their complex immunity characteristics. Furthermore we also followed disorders involving "humoral immunity", i.e., immunoglobulines, complementes, etc.
CONCLUSION:
A positive effect of acupuncture applied as monotherapy has been unquestionably proved. In case involving immunity deficiency, however, a normalizing effect could be observed only if a combined method was applied, namely acupuncture with antioxydancia or especially, acupuncture with SIAB (Special Individual Autobiotherapy which involved the use of autovaccines containing cytokinetic fragments). It has been proved that ACU has a unquestionably positive effect on the immune system, if applied singularly, and an accelerated normalizing effect, if applied in combination.
1 ) acupuncture ( ACU ) as monotherapy
2) acupuncture plus antioxidiancies
3) acupuncture plus Specific Individual Autobiotherapy ( SIAB, using autovaccines containing cytokinetic fragments). During our laboratory tests, we focused primarily on so-called "cellular immunity", concretely on cellular alterations observed in individual subpopulations or T lymphocytes, since they constituted a particularly significant type of cells suitable for our research due to their complex immunity characteristics. Furthermore we also followed disorders involving "humoral immunity", i.e., immunoglobulines, complementes, etc.
CONCLUSION:
A positive effect of acupuncture applied as monotherapy has been unquestionably proved. In case involving immunity deficiency, however, a normalizing effect could be observed only if a combined method was applied, namely acupuncture with antioxydancia or especially, acupuncture with SIAB (Special Individual Autobiotherapy which involved the use of autovaccines containing cytokinetic fragments). It has been proved that ACU has a unquestionably positive effect on the immune system, if applied singularly, and an accelerated normalizing effect, if applied in combination.
The Use of Acupuncture in Complex Therapy of Burn Trauma
ANNA LOSKOTOVA- Filipkova, M.D.
SALVE centrum, Jiraskova 177/lV, 566 01 Vyosoke Myto Czech Republic
ANNA LOSKOTOVA- Filipkova, M.D.
SALVE centrum, Jiraskova 177/lV, 566 01 Vyosoke Myto Czech Republic
In 1984-1996 we treated 192 patients with burn trauma in the surgical department -131 out patients and 61 hospitalised (26 adults and 35 children ) Besides of basic surgical therapy, we also used acupuncture (ACU) with steel needle to point 7 of Jung pathway ( Lie Cchue ) bilaterally. A course of the burns was various, from degree 11 (deep dermal burn ) to degree 111 ( full thickness burn ) with total percentage area burn from 5 to 20% of body surface. Duration of application of needles was once a day for 30 minutes, in the acute stage twice a day for 30-120 minutes and in advance epithelization once every other day for 30 minutes.
CONCLUSION:
Contribution of ACU as a subsidary method of treatment was positive. ACU markedly participates in reducing the development of burn shock, in shortening the duration of infection, in accelerating epithelizatioon of the skin and experted an analgetic and sedative effect. 61 patients were cured in 4 weeks without a plastic operation, without keloid scars and contractures. Working absence was shortened, less analgetics, sedatives and antibiotics were used. The use of ACU in burn trauma is simple, quick by acting and easily available.
CONCLUSION:
Contribution of ACU as a subsidary method of treatment was positive. ACU markedly participates in reducing the development of burn shock, in shortening the duration of infection, in accelerating epithelizatioon of the skin and experted an analgetic and sedative effect. 61 patients were cured in 4 weeks without a plastic operation, without keloid scars and contractures. Working absence was shortened, less analgetics, sedatives and antibiotics were used. The use of ACU in burn trauma is simple, quick by acting and easily available.
Results of Acupuncture in Patients with Hyp- and Anosmia
Hauswald Bettina, Taenzer K., Huettenbrink, K.- B.
Universitaets-HNO-Klinik, Fletscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, BRD
Hauswald Bettina, Taenzer K., Huettenbrink, K.- B.
Universitaets-HNO-Klinik, Fletscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, BRD
Since 1994, 80 patients with hyp- or anosmia were treated by needle acupuncture at our ENT Department. Cases were classified according to their genesis in infectious, traumatic or idiopathic. For examination of smell and taste we used the Sniffin'sticks developed by Kobal et.al. (identification, discrimination and n-Butanol-threshold test ) as well as the test set according to Ficketscher and Roseburg. Great emphasis was put on the patients history and examination. To exclude aggravation we additionally used the combined taste and smell-test according to Guettich. Patients with a history of less than six month disease, acute infection, nasal obstruction (e.g. nasal polyps) and an already started medical treatment were excluded from our study. Acupuncture was performed according to the traditional Chinese medicine principles, two sessions weekly with a total number of 12 to 15. After completion of the treatment course the smell potential was again assessed using the methods mentioned above. Good results were obtained in patients with hyposmia of infectious origin. After therapy, 10 of 30 patients showed normosmia, 11 patients presented with a marked improvement. This means a successful therapy of influenza-associated hyposmia in 70%. In contrast, only 30% of anosmic patients responded to acupuncture therapy.
Some Experience of Applying Acupuncture to Psora Patients
Doctor Chzuhu Lili
Sen-Ya-Chgu Chinese Centre of Medicine, Moscow , Russia
Doctor Chzuhu Lili
Sen-Ya-Chgu Chinese Centre of Medicine, Moscow , Russia
It is generally known that psora is very complicated disease which is difficult to cure. Up to now psora etymolodgy is still not clear, and there are rather many teoretical suppositions indicative of the situation. This disease was known in China three tousand years ago.
There exist quite many treatment means in the Chinese traditional medicine. They have their own conception explaining the causes and course of the disease, they have made up their classification of clinical-development forms, such as vulgaris, arthritic, hyperaemia and skin ulcer.
We have used complex therapy which consists of: blood-letting from the points of acu-puncture: corporal acupuncture along the points of the channels VB, V, RP, E, GI, depending on the aetiology pathogenesis which the limits of the Chinese medicine and localisation process; auricular therapy; fundless acupuncture (meikhua-chzhen); moksa and fumigation which special worm wood (absinth) cigarettes. The number of treatment visits is from 7 to 15. Sixty one patient, aged 16 to 65, have been under our control the periods of illness up to 15 years. Strongly masked clinical improvement (full disappearance of skin symptoms) has been with 52 patients (82.5%). The highest effect has hear achieved during exaceriation. In some cases remission has haer marced during a year and a half.
There exist quite many treatment means in the Chinese traditional medicine. They have their own conception explaining the causes and course of the disease, they have made up their classification of clinical-development forms, such as vulgaris, arthritic, hyperaemia and skin ulcer.
We have used complex therapy which consists of: blood-letting from the points of acu-puncture: corporal acupuncture along the points of the channels VB, V, RP, E, GI, depending on the aetiology pathogenesis which the limits of the Chinese medicine and localisation process; auricular therapy; fundless acupuncture (meikhua-chzhen); moksa and fumigation which special worm wood (absinth) cigarettes. The number of treatment visits is from 7 to 15. Sixty one patient, aged 16 to 65, have been under our control the periods of illness up to 15 years. Strongly masked clinical improvement (full disappearance of skin symptoms) has been with 52 patients (82.5%). The highest effect has hear achieved during exaceriation. In some cases remission has haer marced during a year and a half.
Peripheral and Central Mechanisms Underlying Acupuncture-induced Antinociceptive Effects
Kazuo Toda
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8549, Japan
Kazuo Toda
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8549, Japan
Acupuncture stimulation evokes powerful analgesic effects in various species of animals and in man. Recently, a number of experiments were done to reveal the scientific secret of acupuncture. As one of the specific action of the acupuncture analgesia, it has been re-ported that maximum effects are produced some time after the onset of the stimulation and the effects still remain after the cessation of its stimulation. Above-mentioned specific action, Which is usually sustained for some minutes or even some days, may not be explained by simple inhibitory neural mechanisms. Therefore, it has been proposed that the acupuncture effects are elicited by the activation of the endogenous humoral systems.
Especially, opioid systems are reported to play a leading role for producing analgesic effects. However, detailed mechanisms of analgesic effects induced by acupuncture are still unclear. The present speech shows the summary of the recent studies about peripheral and central mechanisms of acupuncture-induced antinociceptive effects obtained by basic electrophysiological experiments. The main topics are as follows:
1. characteristics of meridian points
2. afferent nerve information evoked by acupuncture stimulation
3. inhibitory mechanisms in the CNS
4. endogenous antinociceptive substances concerned with acupuncture analgesia
5. descending mechanisms of antinociceptive control
Especially, opioid systems are reported to play a leading role for producing analgesic effects. However, detailed mechanisms of analgesic effects induced by acupuncture are still unclear. The present speech shows the summary of the recent studies about peripheral and central mechanisms of acupuncture-induced antinociceptive effects obtained by basic electrophysiological experiments. The main topics are as follows:
1. characteristics of meridian points
2. afferent nerve information evoked by acupuncture stimulation
3. inhibitory mechanisms in the CNS
4. endogenous antinociceptive substances concerned with acupuncture analgesia
5. descending mechanisms of antinociceptive control
The Hand Acupuncture Therapy for Carico-Omo Brachial Syndrome
Name in Japanese
Name in Japanese
Hand Acupuncture is based on Meridian doctory, from early 60"s develop the new acupuncture therapy. This method have main effect "Analgesia". For carico-omo brachial syndrome, we treated 34 patients (F; 20, M; 14), in our clinic, from 1997. Epr. to 1998. Jun. The age of Patients were under 30yr. ; 4 (F2, M2), 31-40yr.; 3 (F1, M2), 41-50yr. ; 10 (F6, M4), 51-60yr. ; 9 (F5, M4), 61-70yr. ; (F3, M2), over 7lyr. ;3 (F3, M0).
The subjective complain were most of shoulder distress, muscle stiffness, disable move arm and pain, which generally occurred by mistaking sleep posture or after harder pull exercise, and shoulder periarthritis. We only used 2 hand acupoints, and 1 or 2 times therapy, the patients quickly relieved pain and can move arm. Our method used Houxi SI3 (Small Intestine Meridian) and Yemen TE2 (Triple Energizer Meridian). The needle stick from acupoint at fist of patient, insert horizontal into the palm of the hand, cause needling sensation radiate to finger spits, and order patient take moving neck and shoulder. Over 95% of patients at once eliminate pain and possible take lifting or rotating exercise. The some over 65yr. old patients maybe need more than 2 or 3 times therapy.
Many doctors take varions method, for carico-omo brachial syndrome. The acupucture doctor usually use many acupoints, for instance Bladder Meridian B (Fenmen, Dazhu, Tianzhu), Small Intestine Meridian SI (Houxi, Yanglao, Jianzhen, Tianzong, Ouyuan), Triple Energizer Meridian TE (Yamen, Waiguan), Large Intestine Meridian LI (Quchi, Jianyu), and Gallbladder Meridian G (Jianjing) etc. Our method based on the theory, which through sticking acupoint Hand Meridian Line contact disease or body distress, and attain traffic, rarefaction also make concession "QI" and "XUE", then keep balance "YIN" between "YANG", again make anodyne effect.
Our simple and short time method make effectiveness of pain and are glad for patients.
The subjective complain were most of shoulder distress, muscle stiffness, disable move arm and pain, which generally occurred by mistaking sleep posture or after harder pull exercise, and shoulder periarthritis. We only used 2 hand acupoints, and 1 or 2 times therapy, the patients quickly relieved pain and can move arm. Our method used Houxi SI3 (Small Intestine Meridian) and Yemen TE2 (Triple Energizer Meridian). The needle stick from acupoint at fist of patient, insert horizontal into the palm of the hand, cause needling sensation radiate to finger spits, and order patient take moving neck and shoulder. Over 95% of patients at once eliminate pain and possible take lifting or rotating exercise. The some over 65yr. old patients maybe need more than 2 or 3 times therapy.
Many doctors take varions method, for carico-omo brachial syndrome. The acupucture doctor usually use many acupoints, for instance Bladder Meridian B (Fenmen, Dazhu, Tianzhu), Small Intestine Meridian SI (Houxi, Yanglao, Jianzhen, Tianzong, Ouyuan), Triple Energizer Meridian TE (Yamen, Waiguan), Large Intestine Meridian LI (Quchi, Jianyu), and Gallbladder Meridian G (Jianjing) etc. Our method based on the theory, which through sticking acupoint Hand Meridian Line contact disease or body distress, and attain traffic, rarefaction also make concession "QI" and "XUE", then keep balance "YIN" between "YANG", again make anodyne effect.
Our simple and short time method make effectiveness of pain and are glad for patients.
Case Report of Acupuncture Treatment for Sensitive Nerve Paralysis in Lower Labial Mentum Area Caused by Tooth Extraction
Ikuemon KATAYAMA, Shan Fu XIA, Kazuo FUJIEDA, You ICHIMURA, Tadashi KATAYAMA
Second Clinical Medical College Beijing Medical University, Beijing China.
School of Dentistry MeikaiUniversity Saitama Japan.
Ikuemon KATAYAMA, Shan Fu XIA, Kazuo FUJIEDA, You ICHIMURA, Tadashi KATAYAMA
Second Clinical Medical College Beijing Medical University, Beijing China.
School of Dentistry MeikaiUniversity Saitama Japan.
Any dental clinic can provide an experience in sensitive nerve paralysis followed by tooth extraction, however an example of every curing case will seldom to appear among the patients admitted to its services. Though a meticulous correction of all dental and medical complications will do much to aid the patient, much of the emotional unrest for the dentists while curing paralyzed area is due to unsure feeling produced by their disorientation on a medical suit, misidentifications and misinterpretations may lead to catastrophic results.
Dr. Schwartz has already revealed in 1973 that 66% among 1291 patients experienced sensitive nerve paralysis after tooth extraction. Of the patients with paralyzed areas, 418 cases were unreversible and 58 cases instituted to the medical suit against dentists, he reported. Hence, this repoet deseribed one of six caces of successful acupuncture treatment for the sensitive nerve paralysis appealing numbness, abnormal gestation, ptyalism, occlusal and burned trauma.
(Manipulations)
The meridians selected for the acupuncture treatment were as follows : (names in Japanese) for the facial meridan points and (names in Japanese) for the oral meridan points, primarily an interval of 30 min daily acupuncture treatment were repeated 7 to 10 times, and the treatment intervals were prolonged to the weekly according to the results of efficacies. When the signs of recovery was unclear, additional meridans were selected for the treatment.
In case of glossal nervous paralysis remained, the treatment by oral meridian points and soft laser irradiation were appliced.
(Prognosis)
The curing processes of the paralysis were observed in order of the following steps:
1.Completely paralyzed,
2. Recovery begun,
3. Numbness remained,
4. Sensory impulse registering,
5. Slight recovery in angulue oris,
6. Labial paralysis concluded,
7. Trival paralysis remains in mentum,
8. Paralysis disappeared, and
9. Complete recovery.
(Results and discussion)
Most patients face sensitive nerve paralysis with courage, hope, a willingness to place their trust in others, and a capacity to endure. They do this quietly, not seeking paraise but simply because this is the way they made. an acupuncture treatment has proposed that therapy done not for the immediate good of the patient but for the general welfare of mankind should be carried out by those who do not simultaneously have responsibility for the clinical care of the subject.
Dr. Schwartz has already revealed in 1973 that 66% among 1291 patients experienced sensitive nerve paralysis after tooth extraction. Of the patients with paralyzed areas, 418 cases were unreversible and 58 cases instituted to the medical suit against dentists, he reported. Hence, this repoet deseribed one of six caces of successful acupuncture treatment for the sensitive nerve paralysis appealing numbness, abnormal gestation, ptyalism, occlusal and burned trauma.
(Manipulations)
The meridians selected for the acupuncture treatment were as follows : (names in Japanese) for the facial meridan points and (names in Japanese) for the oral meridan points, primarily an interval of 30 min daily acupuncture treatment were repeated 7 to 10 times, and the treatment intervals were prolonged to the weekly according to the results of efficacies. When the signs of recovery was unclear, additional meridans were selected for the treatment.
In case of glossal nervous paralysis remained, the treatment by oral meridian points and soft laser irradiation were appliced.
(Prognosis)
The curing processes of the paralysis were observed in order of the following steps:
1.Completely paralyzed,
2. Recovery begun,
3. Numbness remained,
4. Sensory impulse registering,
5. Slight recovery in angulue oris,
6. Labial paralysis concluded,
7. Trival paralysis remains in mentum,
8. Paralysis disappeared, and
9. Complete recovery.
(Results and discussion)
Most patients face sensitive nerve paralysis with courage, hope, a willingness to place their trust in others, and a capacity to endure. They do this quietly, not seeking paraise but simply because this is the way they made. an acupuncture treatment has proposed that therapy done not for the immediate good of the patient but for the general welfare of mankind should be carried out by those who do not simultaneously have responsibility for the clinical care of the subject.
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